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Cleaner Production 
CP in China

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cleaner Production Tools

The Cleaner Production Knowledge Series

Book 6: Lessons and Experiences on Cleaner Production Learned from Foreign Countries

By  Mr. He Bingguang, Director of Energy Comprehensive Utilization Division, SETC, Prof. Wang Xuejun of Beijing University, and Dr. Robert Lao, Resident Project Director, CCCPCP

Table of Contents

Foreword -1

Preface - 1

Acknowledgments - 20 

Chapter 1 Lessons and Suggestions in Resources and Environmental Macro-management Based on Canadian Experiences -1 

  1. Lessons in Resources and Environmental Macro-management Based on Canadian Experiences - 4 

  2. Suggestions - 12

Chapter 2 Evolution of Canadian Environmental Protection Policy - How did the Environmental Policy Support the Cleaner Production - 31

  1. Background - 32

  2. Federal-Provincial Dimension - 37

  3. Tax Policy - 40

  4. Other Forms of Assistance - 41

  5. Provincial Support Programs - 42

  6. Current Thrusts of Environmental Policy - 43

  7. Canada and China - 43

  8. Lessons Learned from the Canadian Experience - 45

  9. Annex: Case study of the Pulp and Paper Industry 

Chapter 3 Cleaner Production Policy and Implementation in 12 Foreign Countries - 63

  1. Cleaner Production Policy and Implementation in the United States of America - 64

  2. Cleaner Production Policy and Implementation in Denmark - 70

  3. Cleaner Production Policy and Implementation in Holland - 92

  4. Cleaner Production Policy and Implementation in France - 112

  5. Cleaner Production Policy and Implementation in Germany - 117

  6. Cleaner Production Policy and Implementation in Britain - 121

  7. Cleaner Production Policy and Implementation in Ireland - 128

  8. Cleaner Production Policy and Implementation in Czech - 132

  9. Cleaner Production Policy and Implementation in Belgium - 138

  10. Cleaner Production Policy and Implementation in Spain - 142

  11. Cleaner Production Policy and Implementation in Japan - 152

  12. Cleaner Production Policy and Implementation in Thailand - 155

Chapter 4 Pollution Prevention Options - 175

  1. Pollution Prevention through Good Operating Practices - 176

  2. Pollution Prevention Options for All Industries - 177

  3. Pollution Prevention Options for the Steel Industry - 181

  4. Pollution Prevention Options for Chemical Manufacturers - 181

  5. Pollution Prevention Options for the Metal Casting Industry - 185

  6. Pollution Prevention Options for Metal Manufacturing / Finishing - 186

  7. Pollution Prevention Options for the Fabricated Metal Industry - 191

  8. Pollution Prevention Options for Metal Parts Cleaning - 194

  9. Pollution Prevention Options for Metal Plating Industry - 196

  10. Pollution Prevention Options for the Coating Industry - 199

  11. Pollution Prevention Options for Automotive Refinishing - 200

  12. Pollution Prevention Options for Automotive Repair Industry - 201

  13. Pollution Prevention Options for the Aerospace Industry - 203

  14. Pollution Prevention Options for the Dry Cleaning Business - 204

  15. Pollution Prevention Options for the Fiberglass-Reinforced Composite Plastics Industry - 206

  16. Pollution Prevention Options for the Marine Maintenance and Repair Industry - 207

  17. Pollution Prevention Options for Paint Manufacturers - 208

  18. Pollution Prevention Options for Pesticide Applicators - 210

  19. Pollution Prevention Options for the Pesticide Formulating Industry - 211

  20. Pollution Prevention Options for the Pharmaceutical Industry - 212

  21. Pollution Prevention Options for the Photo-processing Industry - 214

  22. Pollution Prevention Options for the Radiator Service Industry - 215

  23. Pollution Prevention Options for the Printed Circuit Board Industry - 217

  24. Pollution Prevention Options for the Printing Industry - 219

  25. Pollution Prevention Options for Research and Educational Institutions - 222

Chapter 5 Canadian Environment Industry Strategy - 225

  1. Canada's Core Environmental Industry Strategy - 227

Initiative 1: Simplified Access to Government Services - 227
Initiative 2: Forum of Federal and Provincial Ministers of Industry and Environment - 227

  1. Supporting the Promising Development and Commercialization of Innovative Environmental Technologies - 228

Initiative 3: Environmental Technology Development and Demonstration Initiative - 228
Initiative 4: Demonstrating Canadian Technology for the International Market - 229
Initiative 5: Examination of the Certification of Products, Processes and Services - 229
Initiative 6: Domestic Market Development through Assistance for Small and Medium sized Enterprises to Improve Environmental Performance - 230

  1. Improving Access to Domestic and Global Environmental Markets for Canadian Companies - 231

Initiative 7: Improved Access to Business Opportunities through International Agreements and Institutions - 231
Initiative 8: Establishing a National Statistical Database - 232
Initiative 9: Supporting Strategic Alliances for Export Markets - 233
Initiative 10: Enhancing Environmental Market Intelligence - 234
Initiative  11: Promoting Exports through the International Transfer of Environmental Expertise - 235
Initiative 12: Environmental Industry Expertise in Embassy and International Organizations - 236
Initiative 13: Federal Government Commitment to Green Procurement - 236
Initiative 14: Government Practices Review - 237
Initiative 15: Enhancing the "Going Green" Building Program - 238
Initiative 16: Strengthening Participation in Development Assistance Program - 238
Initiative 17: Increasing Awareness of Federal Export Support - 239
Initiative 18: Enhancing the Involvement of Members of Parliament - 239

  1. Partnership with the Canadian Environmental Industry - 240

Initiative 19: Establishing an Implemental Steering Committee - 240
Initiative 20: Establishing a Sector Advisory Group for International Trade - 241
Initiative 21: Representation on Environmental Advisory Committees - 241
Initiative 22: Strengthening Chapters of Environmental Industry Associations - 242

 
Conclusion - 242

Chapter 6 Canada's Renewable Energy Strategy - Creating a New Momentum - 243

Minster's Foreword - 244
1. Renewable Energy in Context - 245
2. The Strategy - 250
Conclusion - Creating a New Momentum - 259

Chapter 7 Criteria and Principles for the Use of Voluntary or Non-regulatory Initiatives to Achieve Environmental Policy Objectives - 261

Executive Summary - 262
1. An Emphasis on Quality and Public Trust - 263
2. Achieving Environmental Policy Goals with VNRIs - 264
3. Criteria for the Utilization of VNRIs to Achieve Environmental Policy Objectives - 265
4. Principles Governing the Design of VNRIs - 267
Annex: New Directions Group - 271

Chapter 8 Voluntary Codes: A Guide for their Development and Use - 275

Preface - 276
1. About Voluntary Codes - 277
1.1. What is Voluntary Codes - 277
1.2. Features of Voluntary Codes - 277
1.3. Benefits of Voluntary Codes - 280
1.4. Potential Drawbacks of Voluntary Codes - 281
1.5. Common Characteristics of Voluntary Codes - 283
1.6. Conditions Conducive to Successful Code Development - 285
2. Developing and Implementing Voluntary Codes - 288
2.1. Processes for Developing Voluntary Codes - 288
2.2. Components of Effective Codes  - 299
2.3. Effective Implementation of Voluntary Codes - 302
3. Summary of Key Points - 305
4. Where Can I Get More Help - 306
5. Comments - 307

Chapter 9 Voluntary Initiatives - Voluntary or Non-regulatory Initiatives (VNRI) in Environmental Governance - 309

  1. Analytical Studies and Surveys - 311

  2. Industrial Sector Initiatives - 337

  3. Special Initiatives - 353

Chapter 10 The Level Playing Field - The Tax Treatment of Competing Energy Investments - 369

  1. Introduction - 370

  2. Energy Measures in Current Tax System - 373

  3. The Neutral Tax System - 380

  4. The Uplift - 384

  5. Price, Tax Status and Other Assumptions  - 384

  6. The Projects - 387

  7. Results - 391

  8. Conclusions - 403
    Annex A: Comparison of the Neutral Tax System - 408
    Annex B: Successful Efforts vs. Full Cost Accounting for Intangibles - 411

Chapter 11 Tax Incentives - for Business Investments in Energy Conservation and Renewable Energy - 413

  1. Investing in Canada's Economy, Environment and Energy Future

  2. Canadian Renewable and Conservation Expenses

Chapter 12 Exploring Incentives: An Introduction to Incentives and Economic Instruments for Sustainable Development - 421

Foreword - 422
1. Introduction - 422
1.1. Existing Programs and Structures - 425
1.2. Beyond the Conceptual - Opportunities for Implementation - 426
2. Changing the Framework - 426
2.1. Defining Terms - 427
2.2. Incentives and Market Forces - 428
3. Categories of Economic Instruments and Incentives - 431
3.1. "Command and Control" Regulation - 432
3.2. Economic Instruments - 434
3.3. Information Incentives - 439
3..4. Public Recognition and Awards - 441
4. Incentives and Structural Change - 441
4.1. Demand Side Management and Energy Conservation - 441
4.2. Investment Incentives - 442
4.3. Environmental Accounting - 444
4.4. Management Incentives - 445
4.5. Consumer Incentives - 445
4.6. Market Demand - 446
4.7. Interdependence and Synergy Among Categories - 446
5. The Shape of Things to Come - 447
5.1. The Finish Carbon Tax - 447
5.2. Recent Developments in Sweden - 448
5.3. The Expansion of Environmental Management Associations - 448
6. Conclusion - 449

Chapter 13 Promoting Sustainable Development Using an Appropriate Mix of Policy Instruments - 451

  1. Objectives of Paper - 452

  2. Context - 452

  3. Approach to Paper - 452

  4. Historical Perspective on Round Table in Canada - 453

  5. Policy Instruments and their Implementation - 461

  6. Sustainable Transportation - A Case Study on the Appropriate Mix of Policy Instruments - 467

  7. Some Thoughts on NRTEE's Role on the Mix of Policy Instruments - 473

Chapter 14 Taxation and the Financing of Public Services - Environmental Taxation - 475

Introduction - 476
1. Economic Instruments - 477
1.1. What are Economic Instruments - 477
1.1.1. Role and Objectives - 477
1.1.2. Types of Economic Instruments - 478
1.2. Comparison of Economic Instruments and the Command and Control Approach - 481
1.3. Role of the Taxation System - 483
2. Recent Use of Taxation in Environment Issues - 485
2.1. The Experience Abroad - 485
2.1.1. Major Trends - 485
2.1.2. A Few Concrete Cases- 486
2.2. Situation in Canada - 493
2.2.1. Federal Government - 493
2.2.2. Ontario and the Other Provinces - 497
2.2.3. Quebec's Position - 500
2.2.3. Empirical Study in Canada - 504
Conclusion

The text of this book is available only in Chinese

Published 2002

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