Promotion of Cleaner Production in China
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| Purpose: | Preparation (national team selected, manual published, training, pilots), demonstration programme in enterprises, policy study (existing policies, cleaner production obstacles, strategy and suggestions) and dissemination of results | |
| Period: | 1993 -- 1996 | |
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| Partners: | NEPA, CNCPC, Research Institute for Environment and Economic Policy, local EPBs,
Industrial Ministries, Participating companies; The World Bank, UNEP/IE |
Project summary provided by the China National Cleaner Production Center:
Promoting
Cleaner Production in China
(Subproject B-4)
From March 1993 to September 1996, China National Cleaner Production Center undertook and implemented the project "Promoting Cleaner Production in China" (Subproject B-4) funded by the World Bank, which is the major component of the Environmental Technical Assistance Project (ETAP) in China. This is China's very first cleaner production project. The subproject has achieved the following goals:
(1) Developed and tested a Chinese methodology for implementing cleaner production by pollution prevention (the methodology generated by Subproject B-4 is now being used as a standard procedure in China nationwide);
(2) Demonstrated the newly established Chinese own CP methodology in 27 demonstrative enterprises and proved applicability of the methodology in China;
(3) Fostered the first group cleaner production experts in China (they are now still the kernel of today's Chinese cleaner production expertise);
(4) Developed and published "Cleaner Production Audit - Manual for Enterprises" of China and compiled a Training Kit explaining detailed techniques for each step of the audit procedures specified in the audit manual generated, and technical guidelines for four industrial sectors: processing of chemical raw materials, printing and dyeing for silks, electroplating and brewery;
The Chinese own methodology for CP audit developed and tested in the Subproject B-4 has been improved a lot on the basis of that in developed countries, which is more adaptable to China's real status:
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Firstly, a more scientific procedure for CP audit in enterprises has been designed. The procedure in developed countries includes 5 phases: planning and organization, assessment, option development, feasibility analysis and option implementation. But in China the procedure has been improved in 7 phases including planning and organization, pre-assessment, assessment, option generation and screening, feasibility analysis, option implementation and CP sustaining, which gives prominence to seeking and observing CP potentials and opportunities during pre-assessment, so as to sustain CP in the enterprises and embed the results of the last audit in the operational mechanism.
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Cause analysis on waste generation and option development have been designed to be conducted from the following 8 aspects: substitution of raw materials and energy; improvement of technology; maintenance of equipment; optimization of process control; improvement of product and its packaging; reusing and recycling of the wastes; strengthening of management; and enhancement of staff's performance. In developed countries, optimization of process control and enhancement of staff's performance have been ignored, since the 2 aspects are all at a much higher level in these countries. China however still has a large gap to bridge. Therefore it is more fitting for China's practice to embed these 2 phases in Chinese CP methodology.
Subproject B-4 demonstrated CP audits in 27 enterprises. After. completion of the project a follow-up survey was conducted in 17 of these demonstrative enterprises. According to statistics it was observed that in the 17 enterprises, waste water was reduced by 600,700 tons per year (the reduction rate is around 10% to 20%, in most enterprises), COD by 5845.4 tons per year (the reduction rate is 8% to 15%), and an overall economic benefit of 13,024,000 yuan was achieved directly per year. All of these prove that implementation of CP can bring both obvious environmental and economic benefits to China's enterprises.
(The above update is from a CNCPC document 'Introduction to China National Cleaner Production Center,' publication date not stated but probably 2000.)
China National Cleaner Production Center
ŠNDRC 2000-2006