The 10th Five-Year Plan for
Industrial Water Saving
The Fifth Plenary Session of the 15th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party has set water resources as one of the “Three Strategic Resources” that are of vital importance to the nation’s economic security and long-term development. During the 10th Five-Year Plan period, the nation’s industrial economy will maintain rapid growth, the demand for water will increase dramatically, and the conflict between the supply and demand of water will become increasing outstanding. The 10th Five-Year Plan for Industrial Water Saving is formulated in order to implement and carry out the Outline of the 10th Five-Year Plan for the National Economy and Social Development, further strengthen industrial water saving, build a water-saving industry, improve water utilization efficiency, relax the conflict between the supply and demand of the nation’s water resources, and realize the sustained development of the economy and the society.
1. Guiding Principles and Key Objectives
(1) Guiding Principles
During the 10th Five-Year Plan period, the guiding principles for the nation’s industrial water saving are as follows: conscientiously carry out and implement the spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 15th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, adhere to the policy of playing equal stress on opening up the source and regulating the flow and putting saving at an prominent place, focus on the improvement of water utilization efficiency, take regions in short supply of water resources and trades with a heavy use of water as the key points, target on the building-up of the water-saving industry, take enterprises as the principal, devote great effort to the structural readjustment and technological transformation, conscientiously reform the price of water, intensify the industrial water saving administration, and promote the coordinated development of the industrial growth and the water resources.
(2) Key Objectives
A. Overall Objectives
By 2005, the industrial water intake volume shall be no more than 125 billion cubic meters, the annual growth shall be controlled within 1.2%, including no more than 1% in watersheds of Yellow River, Huaihe River and continental rivers.
By 2005, the industrial water intake volume for 10,000 yuan added shall be lowered down to 230 cubic meters. The repetitive utilization ratio for the industrial water shall be raised to 60%. The newly added utilization volume of seawater and brackish water shall reach 5 billion cubic meters. The replacement ratio of rejuvenated water shall reach 2%, including 5% in watersheds of Yellow River, Huaihe River and continental rivers. The industrial water saving volume shall reach 18 billion cubic meters. Water saving during the 10th Five-Year Plan period shall be accumulated up to about 58 billion cubic meters.
By 2005, all state key industrial enterprises shall reach the standards for water-saving enterprises.
B. Industrial water saving objectives for Trades with heavy use of water
Thermal Power Generation By 2005, the water intake volume shall be controlled within 58 billion cubic meters, uniflow cooling intake shall realize zero growth, the annual intake for other parts shall be reduced 3.3%. The repetitive utilization ratio of the industrial water shall reach 96%, the repetitive utilization ratio of the industrial water for those except the uniflow cooling water in uniflow cooling power stations shall reach 34%. The unit power generation water intake volume shall be lowered down to 448 cubic meters/10,000 KWh (excluding the uniflow cooling water, 29.9 cubic meters/10,000 KWh). Water saving volume shall reach 1.5 billion cubic meters, and water saving volume during the 10th Five-Year Plan period shall be accumulated up to 4.23 billion cubic meters.
Textiles By 2005, the water intake volume shall be controlled within 5.6 billion cubic meters, reducing 2.7% annually. The repetitive utilization ratio for the industrial water shall reach 42%, where the repetitive utilization ratios for cotton printing and dyeing and wool dyeing and finishing shall increasing 20% and 30% respectively. The unit product intake volume for cotton printing and dyeing shall be lowered down to 5 cubic meters/100 meters, and 22.7 cubic meters/100 meters for wool dyeing and finishing. Water saving volume shall reach 1.1 billion cubic meters, and water saving volume during the 10th Five-Year Plan period shall be accumulated up to 3.4 billion cubic meters.
Papermaking By 2005, the water intake volume shall be controlled within 5.56 cubic meters, reducing 1.3% annually. The repetitive utilization ratio for the industrial water shall be increased up 60%. The overall unit product water intake volume for paper pulp shall be reduced to 146 cubic meters/ton, where the ratio for bleached chemical wood pulp shall be reduced to 200 cubic meters/ton, the ratio for deinking waste paper pulp shall be reduced to 35 cubic meters/ton, the ratio for inking waste paper pulp shall be reduced to 25 cubic meters/ton, the ratio for paper and paper board shall be reduced to 50 cubic meters/ton. Water saving volume shall reach 1.95 billion cubic meters, and water saving volume during the 10th Five-Year Plan period shall be accumulated up to 5.55 billion cubic meters.
Iron and Steel By 2005, the water intake volume shall be controlled within 2.32 billion cubic meters, the repetitive utilization ratio for the industrial water shall be increased up to more than 91%, including 93% for plain steel and 90% for special steel. The water intake volume for one ton of steel shall be reduced to 16 cubic meters, including 15.5 cubic meters for plain steel and 17 cubic meters for special steel. Water saving volume shall reach 1.86 billion cubic meters, and water saving volume during the 10th Five-Year Plan period shall be accumulated up to 5.83 billion cubic meters.
Petroleum and Petrochemical By 2005, the water intake volume shall be controlled within 2.69 billion cubic meters, reducing 1.1% annually. The repetitive utilization ratio for the industrial water shall reach 95% averagely, including more than 97% for key enterprises. The water intake volume for processing one ton of crude oil shall be reduced less than 1 cubic meter, where the volume for regions with rich water resources shall be reduced less than 1.2 cubic meters. Water saving volume shall reach 0.87 billion cubic meters, and water saving volume during the 10th Five-Year Plan period shall be accumulated up to 2.72 billion cubic meters.
C. Industrial water saving objectives for other trades
By 2005, the water intake volume shall be controlled within 50.86 billion cubic meters, with an annual increase lower than 4.6%. Water saving volume shall reach 10.72 billion cubic meters, and water saving volume during the 10th Five-Year Plan period shall be accumulated up to 36.27 billion cubic meters.
2. Key points for development
(1) Key water saving technologies and equipment to be developed and popularized
Develop and improve circulating cooling water treatment technologies under the working condition of several times of high enrichment, and technologies for desalination, anticorrosion, scale prevention and microbial multiplying prevention in the utilization of seawater and brackish water.
Popularize technologies for transforming uniflow water into circulating water, air cooling, sewage recycling, condensed water recycling, and the utilization of seawater, brackish water and rejuvenated water.
Popularize online monitoring technologies for water supply, drainage and water treatment.
Thermal Power Generation Improve and popularize technologies and complete sets of equipment for underflow ash transportation, dry ash disposal, dry slag removal and air cooling.
Textiles Develop and improve technologies such as supercritical carbon monoxide printing, biological enzymatic treatment, natural fibre transfer printing, and no-plate ink-jet printing. Popularize technologies such as bafta pre-treatment cold rolling, counterflow rinsing, synthetic fibre transfer printing, and photochemical catalytic oxidation decolorization.
Papermaking Develop and improve advanced water-saving pulping technologies such as low kappa number cooking, oxy-delignification, element-free chlorine bleaching, high yield pulping, utilization of secondary fibre, recycling of evaporative sewage condensed water, moderately enriched screening. Improve high-efficient black liquor extraction equipment, and totally-enclosed pickup fourdrinier papermaking machine. Popularize technologies such as pulping enclosed screening, moderately enriched operation, enclosed circulation of papermaking machine water, plain water recycling, and alkali recycling.
Iron and Steel Develop and improve technologies such as discharged sewage recycling, rolling waste water oil removing, rolling pickled waste liquor recycling. Popularize dry coke quenching and dry dust removal technology and series water supply system.
Petroleum and Petrochemical Develop and improve technologies such as thickened oil sewage in-depth treatment and recycling, refined sewage in-depth treatment and recycling, polymer-injection extracted sewage treatment.
(2) Major water-saving demonstration projects
Thermal Power Generation Organize major demonstration projects focusing on water saving technologies such as circulating cooling water high enrichment, underflow ash transportation (to replace slurry ash transportation), dry ash disposal (to replace hydraulic ash disposal), and dry slag removal (to replace hydraulic slag removal).
Textiles Organize major demonstration projects focusing on water saving technologies such as counterflow rinsing, printing and dyeing waste water in-depth treatment and recycling, and lithium bromide cooling (to replace cooling tower cooling).
Papermaking Organize major demonstration projects focusing on water saving technologies such as pulping enclosed screening (to replace open screening), moderately enriched operation to replace low enriched operation), and parallel filter plain water recycling (to replace common plain water recycling).
Iron and Steel Organize major demonstration projects focusing on water saving technologies such as blast-furnace gas dry dust removal (to replay wet gas dust removal) and sewage treatment and recycling.
Petroleum and Petrochemical Organize major demonstration projects focusing on water saving technologies such as circulating cooling water high enrichment, thickened oil sewage treatment and recycling, and sewage in-depth treatment and recycling.
3. Policies and Measures
(1) Formulate and improve regulations and policies for industrial water saving
Study and formulate Procedures for Industrial Water Saving Administration to standardize the enterprise’s water consumption behavior and bring the industrial water saving into administration in accordance with the law.
Study and formulate policies to encourage the industrial water saving. Continuously promulgate the List of Water-saving Equipment (Products) Currently Encouraged by the State for Development and implement preferential policies on tax deduction and exemption. Compile the List of Projects with High Water Intake to be Restricted and the List of Backward Technologies and Equipment (Products) with High Consumption of Water to be Obsoleted. Formulate technological policies on industrial water saving, guide enterprises to adopt advanced water-saving technologies and equipment, and obsolete backward technologies and equipment. Formulate policies that encourage the comprehensive utilization of waste water, turning waste water into resources, and the comprehensive utilization of nontraditional water resources such as seawater and brackish water.
(2) Intensify efforts on the structural readjustment and technological transformation focusing on water saving
Adjust the industrial structure and the industrial layout in accordance with the condition of water resources and the principle of determining the supply according to the water and determining the demand according to the supply. Regions lack of water shall strictly restrain the new construction of industrial projects with high water intake, shall be forbidden from introducing industrial projects with high water intake and heavy pollution, and shall encourage the development of high and new technology industries with high water utilization ratio. The layout and production scale of industries with high water intake in regions with rich water resources shall be coordinated with local water resources and water environment. Strictly forbid obsoleted technologies and equipment with high consumption of water from reentering the production field.
Optimize the product mix and raw material structure of enterprises. Optimize the industrial product mix through increasing the varieties and numbers of products with fine quality, low consumption, high added value and strong competitiveness. Gradually increase the proportion of low-consumption raw water material, optimize the raw material structure, and improve the water utilization ratio.
Focus on the key points for industrial water saving and accelerate the research and development of water saving technologies, water saving equipment, apparatus and sewage treatment equipment. Key water saving technology research and development projects shall be brought into state and local key innovation plans and plans for the tackling of key scientific and technological problems. Adopt effective measures to vigorously popularize new technologies, new techniques and new equipment for industrial water saving. Organize major demonstration projects of water saving technologies. Promulgate the Guiding List of Industrial Water-Saving Technological Transformation Projects for Investment to promote water saving technological transformation of enterprises.
(3) Establish and improve a mechanism for industrial water saving
Increase appropriately at an appropriate time the water price, the charge for water resources and the charge for sewage treatment to promote industrial water saving. Gradually implement the early warning mechanism for the industrial water price, promulgate periodically forecast information on the industrial water price, and guide enterprises to increase the input in water saving. Improve the investment and financing mechanism for industrial water saving, expand the investment and financing channels for industrial water saving, encourage industrial enterprises to absorb foreign investment, absorb and make use of social funds, and accelerate industrial water saving technological transformation.
(4) Intensify the management of industrial water saving
Industrial projects under new construction, reorganization and expansion shall strictly implement the system of “Three Simultaneously and Four Put-In-Place”: industrial water saving facilities and principal projects shall be simultaneously designed, constructed and put into operation; industrial enterprises shall be able to put the water utilization plan into place, put the water saving objectives in place, and put the water management system in place. Formulate the Guiding Principle for Objectives of Water-saving Industrial Enterprises, conscientiously conduct activities to establish water-saving enterprises, and guide enterprises to carry out various water-saving measures. Formulate water utilization standards and limits, and improve the industrial water saving standard system. Establish the certification system for water saving products and the market access system for key products, and rectify the market for water saving products. Establish and improve the index system for industrial water saving. Standardize the statistical chart system for water utilization of enterprises.
Industrial enterprises shall make in time horizontal checkout and leakage check and maintenance, and intensify the quantitative management of water utilization and water saving. Production water and domestic water shall be metered separately. The ratio to equip key water utilization workshops and key water utilization equipment with metering apparatus shall reach 100%, and online monitoring shall be implemented in the points of control so as to stop the waste of water such as the leakage of water from pores, valves, drips and taps.
(5) Strengthen the comprehensive treatment of industrial waste water
Industrial enterprises shall conscientiously implement clean production so as to realize the decrement of waste water. Promote the circulating utilization and comprehensive utilization of waste water so as to turn waste water into resources. Increase the input, and accelerate the construction of facilities to treat the waste water and turn waste water into resources. Conscientiously implement the socialized operation management of pollution control facilities, strengthen the operation supervision and management, and bring into full play already established facilities. Scientifically formulate the area industrial waste water treatment plan, and adopt the method of combining scattered treatment with concentrated treatment so as to ensure the discharge of industrial waste water according to the standards, gradually improve the water environment, and avoid the water deficiency due to the water quality.
(6) Conduct propaganda on industrial water saving
Adopt various effective approaches to conduct wide-range, deep-going and sustained propaganda and education so as to establish an accurate concept of water among the people, which means to make the transition from the traditional conception of regarding water as common resources to the conception of regarding water as strategic resources, make the transition from the traditional extensive management to the intensive management, and make the transition from relying on the increment to solve the problem of the lack of resources in the past to paying more attention to saving and replacement, so as to create a good social atmosphere for the whole society to realize water saving, rational utilization of water, prevention of water pollution and protection of water resources.
Provided by Department of Resources Conservation and Comprehensive Utilization of State Economic and Trade Commission
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